Experiment #2： Fluid Dynamics

Experiment #2: Fluid Dynamics

Objective:  By measuring the time for certain volume of water to leave the bucket through a small hole, we aim to compare the experimental results with the theoretical results generated from the Bernoulli Equation and the Continuity Equation.

Equations:

Bernoulli Equation:   

Experiment:

1. Obtain the predesignated bucket from the instructor

2. Measure the diameter of the hole and block the hole with tape

3. Level it up with wooden blocks and fill the bucket with 3 inches of water above the hole

4. The volume needed to be emptied is 16 ounces = 473 mL

5. The following is the time to empty for all 6 trials:

Procedural: 

In this experiment, a bucket with a small hole, bottle with marks, ruler, stopwatch, and some other tools were used.  First, after stopping water come out from the bucket, the height of water was measured to as requested, 3 inches. Then the water was released to flow into the beaker and fill beaker with the assigned volume. When the flowing water reaches the volume, the stopwatch was used to record the reaching time of water. This same process has to be applied six times, and the average taken time will be obtained from these six trials. With the time being obtained and the diameter of the hole being measured, the formula "theoretical time = volume/area*radical(2*gravity*height)" was applied. This formula will then rearranged so the diameter of the hole could be calculated by using this formula. Overall, this experiment was designed for students to get the diameter of the hole on the bucket after recording the time taken for water to flow.

Filling the beaker to 16 ounce.
       

using the equation given to me t_theoretical = V/A(2gh)^1/2

i gotten the theoretical time to be about 18.189 and 22.25 to be the min and max of the uncertainties.

which is about 10% error, which is pretty close.

using an error equation

                                               (t_actual -t_theoretical) /t_actual

analysis

     from this experiment, we can concluded that that knowing the pressure we can find the speed of the water flowing through the bottom of the bucket. if we know the height of the water, and how much water is in the cup after, as well as the time it took.